流行病学论文翻译样本
流行病学是研究特定人群中疾病、健康状况的分布及其决定因素，并研究防治疾病及促进健康的策略和措施的科学。Enago在流行病学领域具有深厚的专业知识储备，拥有环境流行病学、职业流行病学、疾病监测等相关学科的学科专业翻译师、双语校对以及英语母语学科专家编辑，且已翻译了大量此领域相关的科研论文，并协助诸多学术作者成功在国际知名SCI期刊上发表高水平论文。
非洲猪瘟（ASF）通过两种不同的途径传入欧盟成员国（Europen Union MS）：经野猪种群和 集合种群的持续传播（其传播速度明显慢于野猪中的其他一些传染病）及经人传播（这导致了远离既往发生地出现新发ASF集群）。在已建立的ASF感染区范围内，尽管野猪密度很低，但仍不断有零星病例被发现。在ASF于野猪中传播的情况下，只有捷克共和国控制住了ASF病灶于野猪中传播。在其他地方，ASF持续肆虐。大多数感染的国家野猪的报告病例较多，家猪疫情相对较少。然而在罗马尼亚，情况恰恰相反。在排除野猪种群ASF检测不足的可能性前，罗马尼亚的情况应谨慎解读，而这需要对野猪种群进行系统的监测。野猪ASF检测不足也可能发生在其他地区，这应通过对野猪密集的被动监测来避免。检测阳性样本的时间模式与各国的不同流行病学状况是一致的。例如，在立陶宛同时出现ASF感染区的空间扩大和死亡野猪中的聚合酶链反应（PCR）阳性野猪比例上升。相比之下，鉴于ASF已经在爱沙尼亚各地存在数年，在其上一个报告期内发现的死亡野猪中，PCR阳性野猪比例下降。
学科专家翻译：精于您论文领域的翻译师翻译，用语精准
ASF has been introduced into European Union (EU) MS, through two distinct spread processes: continuous wild boar‐mediated spread through wild boar populations and metapopulations (via which the propagation is notably slower than of some other infectious diseases in wild boars) and human‐mediated translocations (which lead to the establishment of new ASF clusters distant from areas of previous occurrence). In affected areas within the established ASF range, there has been continued sporadic detection of cases despite very low wild boar densities. The focal introduction in the Czech Republic was the only occasion in which ASF spread in wild boar was apparently controlled. Elsewhere, ASF continues to expand into new areas. In most affected countries, there have been many cases in wild boar and relatively few outbreaks in domestic pigs. In Romania, however, the opposite has been observed. The observed pattern in Romania should be interpreted with caution until the potential for under‐detection of ASF in wild boar populations can be excluded. This will require systematic surveillance of wild boar populations. Underdetection of ASF in wild boars could also occur in other regions. Temporal patterns in proportions of samples that tested positive are consistent with different epidemiological situations in countries. For example, in Lithuania, there is both spatial expansion of the ASF‐affected area and an increase in the proportion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive wild boars among those found dead. By contrast, in Estonia, there is a reduction in the proportion of PCR‐positive results in the last reporting period among wild boar found dead, given that infection has been present throughout the whole country for several years.
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African swine fever (ASF) is a hemorrhagic viral disease that has spreadto European Union Member States via two distinct processes. The first process involves continuous spread through wild boar populations and metapopulations, which is considerably slower than of other infectious diseases in wild boars. The second process involves the establishment of new ASF clusters distant from areas of previous occurrence via human‐mediated translocations. In affected areas within the established ASF range, there has been continued sporadic detection of cases despite very low densities of wild boars. Focal introduction of ASF into wild boars in the Czech Republic was the only occasion on which ASF spread in wild boars was controlled. ASF continues to expand into new areas in other regions. Most affected countries have many cases in wild boars and relatively few outbreaks in domestic pigs. In Romania, however, the opposite has been observed. This observation in Romania should be interpreted with caution until underdetection of ASF in wild boar populations can be excluded as a possibility. This will require systematic surveillance of wild boar populations. Underdetection of ASF in wild boars could also occur in other and should be avoided through intense passive surveillance of wild boars. Temporal patterns in proportions positive-tested samples reflect the different epidemiological status in countries. For example, in Lithuania, there is both spatial expansion of the ASF‐affected area and an increase in the proportion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive wild boars among those found dead are noted. In contrast, in Estonia, there is a decrease in the proportion of PCR‐positive wild boars among those found dead in the last reporting period,, given that ASF has been present throughout the country for several years.
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